:~$ apt-get install gstreamer0.10-plugins-base gstreamer0.10-plugins-good  gstreamer0.10-plugins-ugly gstreamer0.10-tools gstreamer0.10-alsa

Create the Script, and set it to the ip of the VLC UDP multicast server.

:~$ vim /etc/init.d/gst.sh

#!/bin/sh
killall gst-launch-0.10
gst-launch-0.10 udpsrc port=1234 multicast-group=239.255.12.42 ! decodebin ! audioconvert ! alsasink

To run it on boot, simply do:

:~$ update-rc.d gst.sh defaults

:~$ apt-get install vlc

Create the Script, and set it to the ip of the VLC UDP multicast server and “–rc-fake-tty” returns it to the prompt after running the command.

:~$ vim /etc/init.d/vlc.sh

#!/bin/sh

killall vlc
vlc -vvv –daemon udp:@239.255.12.42 –rc-fake-tty

To run it on boot, simply do:

:~$ update-rc.d vlc.sh defaults

• Firstly , install multistrap on a Linux Distribution ( I used Ubuntu, for this purpose)

apt-get install multistrap
sudo multistrap -f grip-config

[Link to grip-cofig]

• Cross-Compiling the Kernel Modules and install it to your Debian FileSytem:

Follow the guide , on the site : http://billforums.station51.net/viewtopic.php?f=4&t=20

Install the modules on the PATH of your multistrap generated(~/nfs/lib/modules/)

* It may be necessary to create a symlink from 2.6.32-rc8 to 2.6.32.2-FriendlyARM as this folder may be not recognized on boot.

My way of accessing the files was by NFS****(check how to make the NFS mount on the end of this post).

• Chrooting on the File System

chroot nfsmount
The following commands are necessary to make adjustments for your emdebian rootfs:
echo “proc /proc proc none 0 0″ >>etc/fstab

echo “sysfs /sys sysfs defaults 0 0″ >> etc/fstab

Then, it is necessary to run the following command: (for this to work you may need to mount /proc /sys and

 /dev/pts, by command line on the first time):

mount proc /proc -t proc

mount devpts /dev/pts -t pts

dpkg --configure -a

echo “thiagoBoard” >etc/hostname
mknod dev/console c 5 1
mknod dev/ttySAC0 c 204 64

• Emdebian Repositories to Lenny, Add the repositories on the /etc/apt/sources.list.d/multistrap.sources.list:

deb http://www.emdebian.org/grip lenny main
deb-src http://www.emdebian.org/grip lenny main
deb http://www.emdebian.org/grip lenny-proposed-updates main
deb-src http://www.emdebian.org/grip lenny-proposed-updates main
deb http://www.emdebian.org/grip sid main
deb-src http://www.emdebian.org/grip sid main

apt-get update

• Creating /dev/random

To create the SSH keys you are going to need the Random file on your rootfs, to create it, simply do:

mknod /dev/random c 1 9
Additional devices, may be:
mknod /dev/urandom c 1 9
mknod /dev/ptmx c 5 2
mknod /dev/null c 1 3
chmod 666 /dev/null

apt-get install openssh-server

To configure which programs you want on boot just use rcconf:

:~$ apt-get install rcconf

:~$ rcconf

• LOADING KERNEL ON BOARD:

##### FriendlyARM BIOS for 2440 #####
[k]kernel
[v] Download vivi
...
Choose k:

obs: Use the zImage_T35
found inside the file at the section Linux, at http://arm9.net/download.asp

• CREATING THE YAFFS2 Image:

Download the mkyaffs2image binary ( I use the mkyaffs2image-128M, to create my Yaffs2 image to a 1GB Nand Mini 2440)
http://arm9download.cncncn.com/linux/mkyaffs2image.tgz

then:

./mkyaffs2image-128M ~/nfs/ debianLenny.img

• UPLOAD THE Yaffs2 Image to your board

##### FriendlyARM BIOS for 2440 #####
[k]kernel
[v] Download vivi
...
Choose y:
(choose your generated image file to send)

1. Set some vivi parameters, for example

##### FriendlyARM BIOS for 2440 #####
[k]kernel
[v] Download vivi
…
Choose s:

Choose v:

choose s:

type linux_cmd_line

type “noinitrd root=/dev/mtdblock3 init=/sbin/init console=ttySAC0 ip=192.168.36.19 mask=255.255.255.0 gw=192.168.36.1″

or ” noinitrd root=/dev/mtdblock3 init=/bin/sh console=ttySAC0 ip=192.168.36.19 mask=255.255.255.0 gw=192.168.36.1″

if you are having boot problems as this should give a previous console.

Have fun!

*** I have mounted my generated folder as an NFS file system on the Mini2440, and on the mini2440, the following commands were issued:

[INSTALLING NFS ON YOUR SYSTEM: On the computer copy the /opt/multistrap to a ~/nfs folder , and also configure the NFS server]:

apt-get install nfs-kernel-server

Edit the /etc/exports file:
/home/thiago/nfs 192.168.36.18(rw, no_root_squash, sync)

/etc/init.d/nfs-kernel-server restart

[On the mini2440 board, can be skipped if you already are able to do NFS on another folder in your system]:

mkdir nfsmount
mount -t nfs 192.168.36.200:/home/thiago/nfs nfsmount

————————————

• Working .img to be uploaded to the Mini2440:

On the following link (Link to the Img file) , there is a ready to work Yaffs2 Image that can be uploaded 1Gb Nand of the Mini 2440 from Friendly Arm. Unfortunatelly, due to lack of time to update it, some minor modifications are necessary.

Initially boot using the “init=/bin/sh” , as boot parameter on the vivi settings, as shown on the section numbered as one. Then when it boots, do the following commands:

export PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin
mount /proc /proc -t proc
mount devpts /dev/pts -t devpts

mknod /dev/random c 1 9
mknod /dev/urandom c 1 9
mknod /dev/ptmx c 5 2
mknod /dev/null c 1 3
chmod 666 /dev/null

apt-get install openssh-server

Now, change the vivi parameters back to “init=/sbin/init”, and you have a fully working Debian running on the Flash of your board. You may establish a ssh session to it, and have lots of fun!

##### FriendlyARM BIOS for 2440 #####
[x] bon part 0 320k 2368k
[v] Download vivi
...

My experience based on the complete description by Petr Ledvina at the mailing list.

Download sdcard image file
# wget ftp://ftp.embeddedarm.com/ts-arm-sbc/ts-7400-linux/binaries/ts-images/512mbsd-74\
00-linux2629-lenny-eabi.dd.bz2

unzip it
# bzip2 -d 512mbsd-7400-linux2629-lenny-eabi.dd.bz2

extract individual partitons
# dd if=512mbsd-7400-linux2629-lenny-eabi.dd of=part2.dd bs=512
skip=8704 count=5120
do not copy entire part3, end of partition contains lot of zeros,
block count was decreased to ignore them (using hexdump to find end of
data)
# dd if=512mbsd-7400-linux2629-lenny-eabi.dd of=part3.dd bs=512
skip=16896 count=2688

extract master boot record:
# dd if=512mbsd-7400-linux2629-lenny-eabi.dd of=boot.dd bs=446 count=1

copy data from partition 4:
# mkdir part4
# mount 512mbsd-7400-linux2629-lenny-eabi.dd part4 -oloop,offset=$((25088))
# cd part4
# tar -jcS -b8 –one -f ../part4.tar.bz2 .
# umount part4

You can modify initrd linuxrc scripts in part3 ( mount part3.dd part3 -oloop )

Create the sdcard correct partitions(mine was mounted at /dev/sdc)

start fdisk on sd card:
# fdisk /dev/sdc

Partition 1- Sequence of commands
n : create new partition
p: primary partition
enter (1 for default first cilinder)
5

Partition 2 – Sequence of commands
n
p
enter
+3M

Partition 3 – Sequence of commands
n
p
enter
+2M

Partition 4 – Sequence of commands
n
p
enter
enter

Additional Commands – Changing type of partitions 2 and 3 to 0xda
(command) t
(partition) 2
da

(command)t
(partition) 3
da

w -> write

—–
Now copy mbr, part2 and part3:
# dd if=boot.dd of=/dev/sdc
# dd if=part2.dd of=/dev/sdc2 bs=1M
# dd if=part3.dd of=/dev/sdc3 bs=1M

Create jfs filesystem on part4:
# mkfs.jfs /dev/sdc4
mount it and extract root filesystem to it:
# mount /dev/sdc4 part4
# cd part4
# tar -xjS -b8 -p -f ../part4.tar.bz2
# umount part4
# sync

Boot and enoy the development using the 2.6.29  that for myself solved most of the issues I was facing when running the previous kernel provided by Embedded Arm.

techsparked is a social platform for people that are sparked (inspired) by creative and emergent technology. techsparked can be used to learn, share, create, promote, and meet people with similar interests and goals. We aim to have a friendly environment and involve not just people already sparked (inspired) by technology, but spark new people too. Learn more and get started today!

techsparked is like the deviantART.com or behance.net for creative technology!

Reserved some time today to make a post celebrating the Senna’s 50th Birthday. An idol, a hero, all the country today is sad and proud for this beloved son. You may check more details about him, checking the following post fro the formula1blog.com. http://www.formula1blog.com/2010/03/21/ayrton-senna-50th-birthday-memories/

He would have been 50-years old today. There is little doubt in my mind that he would still be influential in F1 but probably more so in the lives of young Brazilian children for whom he took particular interest in. His legacy may have been larger than fate has allowed and his impact on the sport more profound but as we look back on this birthday memory of the great Ayrton Senna da Silva; we recognize the man as profound destiny. Not just his own but many after him.

His foundation, Instituto Ayrton Senna, represents a tangible example of his love of children and particularly the low-income families and while it was established after his death, there is little doubt that he would have established a similar foundation had he lived such was his passion for the cause. His charitable heart and love of God was well known and his personal investment in impoverished Brazil, $400m, was enormous.

Check out also in the video below, the out-of-this-world lap that he performed during the rain in the Donington Park Circuit in 1993.

Get people to answer what you want to know.

http://vark.com/

Retirado de : WWF Brasil

A castanheira-do-Brasil (Bertholletia excelsa), também conhecida como castanheira-do-Pará, é uma árvore alta e bela, nativa da Amazônia. Ela pode ser encontrada em florestas às margens de grandes rios, como o Amazonas, o Negro, o Orinoco e o Araguaia, mas está ameaçada de extinção.
Apesar de estar presente em todos os nove países amazônicos (Brasil, Peru, Colômbia, Equador, Bolívia, Guiana, Suriname, Venezuela e Guiana Francesa), atualmente só é abundante na Bolívia e no Suriname.

A castanheira é considerada vulnerável pela União Mundial para a Natureza (IUCN) e, no Brasil, aparece na lista de espécies ameaçadas do Ministério do Meio Ambiente. A principal causa para o risco de extinção é o desmatamento. No Brasil, castanhais são derrubados para a construção de estradas e barragens, para assentamentos de reforma agrária e para a criação de gado.

Como são as castanheiras

As castanheiras-do-Brasil normalmente atingem entre 30m e 50m de altura e de 1m a 2m de diâmetro. É uma das espécies mais altas da Amazônia. Há registros de castanheiras que alcançaram 50m de altura e mais de 5m de diâmetro.
Seu tronco é reto e os galhos se concentram na parte mais alta da árvore. A casca é acinzentada, e as folhas, que ficam acima da copa das outras árvores, têm de 20cm a 35cm de comprimento.

As castanheiras dependem de um ambiente intocado para sua reprodução. Suas flores só são polinizadas por alguns tipos de insetos, que são atraídos por orquídeas que vivem perto das árvores de castanha. Se as orquídeas ou os insetos são mortos, as castanheiras não dão frutos.

O fruto da castanha leva mais de um ano para amadurecer, é mais ou menos do tamanho de um coco e pode pesar 2kg. A casca é muito dura e abriga entre 8 e 24 sementes, que são as apreciadas castanhas.

Caso não sejam devoradas por roedores, micos ou humanos, as sementes demoram de 12 a 18 meses para germinar. Muitas delas são plantadas por cutias, que roem os frutos até abrir a dura casca, comem algumas das sementes e enterram as outras para comer mais tarde. As sementes esquecidas pelas cutias brotarão da terra no ano seguinte para começar os 500 anos de vida de uma nova castanheira-do-Brasil.

E como podemos cuidar delas

Como a maior ameaça às castanheiras-do-Brasil é o desmatamento, para erradicar o risco de extinção dessa espécie precisamos cuidar de nossas florestas. Comprar apenas madeira certificada, apoiar a criação e a gestão de unidades de conservação e dar preferência a produtos sustentáveis do ponto de vista ecológico e social são formas de ajudar a conservar as castanheiras e muitas outras espécies de árvores ameaçadas.

Saiba mais sobre como cuidar do meio ambiente!